The Parisian club has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to take a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.